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Prevalence of Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies in Schoolchildren: The Karlsburg Type 1 Diabetes Risk Study
aInstitute of Pathophysiology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Karlsburg, Germany bL-A-D GmbH Hennigsdorf, Branch Karlsburg, Germany cCentre of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Karlsburg, Germany dInstitute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Düsseldorf University, Düsseldorf, Germany eInstitute of Diabetes "Gerhardt Katsch," Karlsburg, Germany
Address for correspondence: Dr. M. Schlosser, Institute of Pathophysiology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswalder Str. 11b, D-17495 Karlsburg, Germany. Voice: +49-3834-8619178; fax: +49-3834-8680118. schlosse{at}uni-greifswald.de
This study attempts to assess the prevalence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in a general population in the northeastern part of Germany, with emphasis on autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A), and insulin (IAA) by radioassays
 98th percentile, and AAbs binding on pancreatic sections (ICA) by immunofluorescence 10 Juvenile Diabetes Foundation units. From a total of 11,840 schoolchildren tested for all four AAbs, 821 (6.9%) children were positive for single AAbs, whereas 83 (0.7%) had multiple AAbs. If the primary screening were performed by testing GADA/IA-2A/IAA, 94% of probands with single AAbs and all with multiple AAbs would be identified. The combinations of GADA/IA-2A, GADA/IAA, and IA-2A/IAA would identify 97.6, 98.8, and 85.5% of probands with multiple AAbs, respectively. Thus, combined AAb screening in the general population identifies those probands at risk for diabetes.
Key Words: autoantibodies • type 1 diabetes • general population
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