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Effects of Timing of Stressor on Cerebrospinal Fluid Corticotropin-Releasing Factor and Circulating Glucocorticoid Concentrations
a SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Primate Behavior Laboratory, Departments of Psychiatry (JDC, LAR, ELPS) and Surgery (JGK), Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA b Department of Biological Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA c Department of Psychiatry, Cornell-Weil College of Medicine, New York, New York 10021, USA d Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York 10029, USA e Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
Key Words: corticotropin-releasing factor • cortisol • nonhuman primates • variable foraging demand • maternal • infant development
Address for correspondence: Jeremy Coplan, M.D., State University of New York (SUNY), Downstate Medical Center Box 120, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11203. Voice: 718-270-2023; fax: 718-270-8826. e-mail: Copstat00{at}aol.com
The maternal stress response may vary as a function of infant developmental phase. Using a median split, 13 bonnet macaque (M. radiata) mother–infant dyads were exposed to early initiation of variable foraging demand (VFD), a prolonged stressor, whereas 11 dyads were exposed to late VFD onset. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples were obtained from mothers and infants prior to and following VFD. Increases in maternal CSF corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) concentrations were evident in response to late, but not early, VFD. Mothers exhibited either increased or decreased cortisol concentrations in response to VFD. However, absolute cortisol change was greater in early versus late VFD. Timing of the VFD stressor differentially affects maternal neuroendocrine response, with potential implications for the offspring's developmental trajectory.
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