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a University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA b The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, USA c University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA d University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA e Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
Key Words: immunodeficient mice • NOD-scid Il2r  null • hu-PBMC • islet transplantation
Address for correspondence: Todd Pearson, Ph.D., Diabetes Division, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 373 Plantation Street, Suite 218, Worcester, MA 01605. Voice: 508-856-3800; fax: 508-856-4093. todd.pearson{at}umassmed.edu
The use of "humanized" mice represents an appealing translational model for studies of the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases and for the evaluation of potential therapeutics. The utility of humanized mice depends on their ability to model the human immune system with high fidelity, and, in this respect, previous models have fallen short. The recently developed NOD-scid Il2r
null mouse, however, exhibits greatly enhanced ability to support the engraftment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Herein, we describe the challenges of recapitulating human immunity in humanized mice and features of NOD-scid Il2rnull mice that help overcome them.
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