 | MORPHOGENESIS: CELLULAR INTERACTIONS
Copyright © 1998 by the New York Academy of Sciences
description
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 857:110-118 (1998)
© 1998 New York Academy of Sciences
Extracellular Matrix Remodeling during Morphogenesisa
ZENA WERBb AND
JENNIE R. CHIN
Department of Anatomy, University of California, Box 0750, San Francisco, California 94143-0750, USA
aThis work was supported by funds from the National Institutes of Health (DE10306). bTo whom correspondence may be addressed. Phone: 415/476-4622; fax: 415/476-4565; e-mail: zena{at}itsa.ucsf.edu
The role of proteinases in extracellular matrix remodeling during the developmental program of bone, cartilage, muscle, and epithelial differentiation in the mandibular arch during embryogenesis was investigated. ECM changes accompany morphogenesis during development. The most dramatic changes occur during development of bone and cartilage. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was altered by regulating expression of MMPs by growth factors, by inhibiting MMP activity, and by genetic ablation of MMPs. The data point to critical roles for MMPs in cartilage development and endochondral bone formation. MMPs appear to regulate not only ECM degradation but also programmed cell death, cell migration, and invasion during these morphogenic processes. The data suggest that matrix metalloproteinases play a pivotal role in the morphogenesis of structures derived from epithelium (oral sulcus), somitic mesoderm (tongue), and cranial neural crest (Meckel's cartilage).
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