 | NEURONAL MECHANISMS FOR GENERATING LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITY
Copyright © 1998 by the New York Academy of Sciences
description
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 860:189-202 (1998)
© 1998 New York Academy of Sciences
NMDA Receptor-mediated Oscillatory Properties: Potential Role in Rhythm Generation in the Mammalian Spinal Cord
BRIAN J. SCHMIDTa,
SHAWN HOCHMAN AND
JASON N. MacLEAN
Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
aAddress correspondence to Brian J. Schmidt, Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3J7. E-mail: brian{at}scrc.umanitoba.ca
Previous studies have demonstrated that (1) NMDA receptor activation occurs during locomotor network operation in lower and higher vertebrates and (2) NMDA induces active membrane properties that can be expressed as intrinsic voltage fluctuations in cells located in the spinal cord of lower vertebrates, as well as in neurons located in supraspinal regions of the mammalian nervous system. This paper reviews recent data showing that NMDA can induce similiar inherent membrane potential behavior in synaptically isolated motoneurons and interneurons in the mammalian ( in vitro neonatal rat) spinal cord. These TTX-resistant voltage fluctuations include rhythmic oscillations and plateau potentials, as well as low-frequency long-lasting voltage shifts (LLVSs). 5-HT facilitates the transformation of LLVSs into oscillatory events, and 5-HT receptor antagonists have the reverse effect. In the absence of TTX, locomotor-related rhythmic drive potentials in spinal cord neurons can display nonlinear voltage behavior compatible with NMDA receptor activation, although other voltage-activated conductances are not excluded. Suppression of the nonlinear voltage response associated with NMDA receptor activation, via removal of Mg 2+, disrupts locomotor patterns of network activity. The potential role of NMDA receptor activation in the operation of mammalian locomotor networks is discussed in the context of these recent observations.
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