 | THE VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Copyright © 2001 by the New York Academy of Sciences
description
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 942:114-127 (2001)
© 2001 New York Academy of Sciences
Vestibular Discrimination of Gravity and Translational Acceleration
DORA E. ANGELAKIa,
MIN WEIa AND
DANIEL M. MERFELDb
aDepartment of Neurobiology and Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
bJenks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Address for correspondence: Dr. Dora Angelaki, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Box 8108, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Voice: (314) 747-5529; fax: (314) 747-4370.
angelaki{at}thalamus.wustl.edu
According to Einstein's equivalence principle, linear accelerations experienced during translational motion are physically indistinguishable from changes in orientation relative to gravity experienced during tilting movements. Nevertheless, despite these ambiguous sensory cues provided by the primary otolith afferents, perceptual and motor responses discriminate between gravity and translational acceleration. There is growing evidence to suggest that the brain resolves this ambiguity primarily by combining signals from multiple sensors, the semicircular canals being a main extra otolith contributor. Here, we summarize the experimental evidence in support of the canal influences on the neural processing of otolith cues, provide specific experimental results in rhesus monkeys, and discuss and compare previously proposed models that combine otolith and semicircular-canal signals in order to provide neural estimates of gravity and linear acceleration.
Key Words: Eye movements • Vestibular • Oculomotor • Navigation • Inertial • Gravity • Neural computation
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