 | ENDOMETRIOSIS: EMERGING RESEARCH AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES
Copyright © 2002 by the New York Academy of Sciences
description
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 955:89-100 (2002)
© 2002 New York Academy of Sciences
Angiogenic Factors in Endometriosis
ROBERT N. TAYLOR,
DAN I. LEBOVIC AND
MICHAEL D. MUELLER
Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
Address for correspondence: Robert N. Taylor, Center for the Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0556. Fax: 415-753-3271.
rtaylor{at}socrates.ucsf.edu
Similar to tumor metastases, endometriotic implants require neovascularization to establish, grow, and invade. The peritoneal environment is ideally suited to provide a proangiogenic milieu. Nevertheless, endometriotic lesions are found only in a minority of reproductive-age women (  10%) with retrograde menstruation. In this paper, we review the major cytokines, growth factors, steroid hormones, and eicosanoids responsible for angiogenesis in endometriosis. We postulate that interference with angiogenic principles expressed in the peritoneum may constitute novel therapeutic opportunities for the prevention, amelioration, or treatment of pelvic endometriosis.
Key Words: neovascularization • vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) • estrogen receptors • cytokines
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