 | THE CEREBELLUM: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CEREBELLAR RESEARCH
Copyright © 2002 by the New York Academy of Sciences
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Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 978:28-45 (2002)
© 2002 New York Academy of Sciences
The Nodulus and Uvula: Source of Cerebellar Control of Spatial Orientation of the Angular Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex
BERNARD COHENa,
PADMORE JOHNa,
SERGEI B. YAKUSHINa,
JEAN BUETTNER-ENNEVERb AND
THEODORE RAPHANc
aDepartment of Neurology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
bDepartment of Anatomy, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
cDepartment of Computer and Information Science, Brooklyn College of CUNY, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Address for correspondence: Bernard Cohen, M.D., Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Box 1135, 1 East 100th Street, New York, NY 10029. Voice: 212-241-1943; fax: 212-831-1610.
bernard.cohen{at}mssm.edu
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 978: 28-45 (2002).
The nodulus and rostral-ventral uvula of the vestibulo-cerebellum play a critical role in orienting eye velocity of the slow component of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) to gravito-inertial acceleration (GIA). This is done by altering the time constants of "velocity storage" in the vestibular system and by generating "cross-coupled" eye velocities that shift the eye velocity vector from along the body yaw axis to the yaw axis in a spatial frame. In this report, we show that eye velocity generated through the aVOR by constant velocity centrifugation in the monkey orients to the GIA in space, regardless of the position of the head with respect to the axis of rotation. We also show that, after removal of the nodulus and rostral-ventral uvula, the spatial orientation of eye velocity to the GIA is lost and that eye velocity is then purely driven by the semicircular canals in a body frame of reference. These findings are further confirmation that these regions of the vestibulo-cerebellum control spatial orientation of the aVOR.
Key Words: vestibulo-ocular reflex • velocity storage • otoliths • monkey • eye velocity • centrifugation
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