 | EPIGENETICS IN CANCER PREVENTION: EARLY DETECTION AND RISK ASSESSMENT
Copyright © 2003 by the New York Academy of Sciences
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Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 983:110-119 (2003)
© 2003 New York Academy of Sciences
The Development of CpG Island Methylation Biomarkers Using Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning
DOMINIC J. SMIRAGLIA AND
CHRISTOPH PLASS
Division of Human Cancer Genetics, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
Address for correspondence: Dominic J. Smiraglia, Ph.D., The Ohio State University, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Division of Human Cancer Genetics, 420 West 12th Ave., Medical Research Facility, Rm. 470A, Columbus, OH 43210. Voice: 614-292-6478; fax: 614-688-4761.
Smiraglia.1{at}osu.edu
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 983: 110-119 (2003).
CpG island hypermethylation is a common occurrence in cancer. Because this is a stable molecular alteration of the DNA, which can be detected easily from very small amounts, DNA methylation is an attractive candidate to use as a molecular biomarker. Recent studies have used DNA methylation of genes known to be targets of genetic disruption in cancer as biomarkers for early detection of cancer, classification of malignancies, response to drug treatment, and as markers predictive of outcome. Since many of the currently used targets of methylation are methylated at rather low frequencies in various cancer types even though the gene may be frequently disrupted by other mechanisms, it would be useful to develop additional markers that are methylated at high frequency in the cancer being studied. Restriction landmark genomic scanning has been used for the identification of frequent targets of methylation in multiple malignancies. These markers, which can be either cancer type-specific or nonspecific, may prove to be effective biomarkers for diagnostic or prognostic purposes, or for midpoint analysis of intervention strategies.
Key Words: DNA methylation • biomarkers • cancer • RLGS
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